Differential System
Differential is an integral part of all four wheels. A differential is used to allow the wheels to spin at different speeds This is necessary when the vehicle turns .
Differential function :-
Transmits the power to the wheels Changes the direction of rotation by 90Āŗ Acts as the final gear reduction in the vehicle, slowing the rotational speed of the transmission one final time before it hits the wheels Splits the engine torque two ways, allowing each output to spin at a different speed
Differential parts and it's function :-
Pinion drive gear :- transfer power from the drive shaft to the ring gear.
Ring gear :- will transfer power to differential case assembly.
Spider gears :- The spider gear lies at the heart of the differential and special mention should be made about its rotation.
Differential case assembly :- Hold the gear and drive the axel.
Rear drive axel :- Transfer torque from differential assembly to the drive wheels.
How Differential works ?!!
When a car is driving straight, the input pinion is turning the ring gear and pinions, and none of the pinions within the cage are rotating -- both side gears are effectively locked to the cage, so rotate at same speed When a car makes a turn, the inside wheel starts giving more resistance, while pinion gears applying equal torque The unequal loads from the tyres cause the pinion gears to rotate and walk around the slower running side wheel. This increases the speed of the outside wheel by the same amount.
Differential advantages and dis advantages :-
*Advantages :-
1- Transfers power from drive shaft to the wheels.
2- Provides final gear reduction.
3- Splits amount of torque going to each wheel.
4- Allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds in turns.
*Disadvantages :-
1- Increase the rate of tire wear.
2- Lack of safety in the course of the vehicle.
3- Loss part of the engine's ability.
Types of Differential :-
1- Open Differential
Limitation of Open Differential :-
If one wheel begins to slip while the other maintains traction, the slipping wheel will receive most of the power This means that if one wheel is spinning on ice while the other is still in contact with the pavement, the OD only cause the slipping wheel to spin faster and very little power will reach the wheel with good traction Similarly, if one wheel is lifted off the ground, nearly all the power will go to the wheel that is off the ground. Such a loss of traction is sometimes called "diffing out".
2- Limited Slip Differential
Limited Slip Differential :-
When torque is applied ,the differential case will spin and throw the pinion into the pressure ring. The pressure ring is then pushed out against the clutch plates thereby squeezing them together This causes the wheels to gradually lock together, depending on the power applied, hence prevents differential action This effect limits the wheel spin during hard cornering and applies power to the wheels evenly when more power is applied to the wheels.
and you can see here the difference between "Open Differential" & "Limited Slip Differential" where Open on the left and Limited Slip on the right.
Differential function :-
Transmits the power to the wheels Changes the direction of rotation by 90Āŗ Acts as the final gear reduction in the vehicle, slowing the rotational speed of the transmission one final time before it hits the wheels Splits the engine torque two ways, allowing each output to spin at a different speed
Differential parts and it's function :-
Pinion drive gear :- transfer power from the drive shaft to the ring gear.
Ring gear :- will transfer power to differential case assembly.
Spider gears :- The spider gear lies at the heart of the differential and special mention should be made about its rotation.
Differential case assembly :- Hold the gear and drive the axel.
Rear drive axel :- Transfer torque from differential assembly to the drive wheels.
How Differential works ?!!
When a car is driving straight, the input pinion is turning the ring gear and pinions, and none of the pinions within the cage are rotating -- both side gears are effectively locked to the cage, so rotate at same speed When a car makes a turn, the inside wheel starts giving more resistance, while pinion gears applying equal torque The unequal loads from the tyres cause the pinion gears to rotate and walk around the slower running side wheel. This increases the speed of the outside wheel by the same amount.
Differential advantages and dis advantages :-
*Advantages :-
1- Transfers power from drive shaft to the wheels.
2- Provides final gear reduction.
3- Splits amount of torque going to each wheel.
4- Allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds in turns.
*Disadvantages :-
1- Increase the rate of tire wear.
2- Lack of safety in the course of the vehicle.
3- Loss part of the engine's ability.
Types of Differential :-
1- Open Differential
Limitation of Open Differential :-
If one wheel begins to slip while the other maintains traction, the slipping wheel will receive most of the power This means that if one wheel is spinning on ice while the other is still in contact with the pavement, the OD only cause the slipping wheel to spin faster and very little power will reach the wheel with good traction Similarly, if one wheel is lifted off the ground, nearly all the power will go to the wheel that is off the ground. Such a loss of traction is sometimes called "diffing out".
2- Limited Slip Differential
Limited Slip Differential :-
When torque is applied ,the differential case will spin and throw the pinion into the pressure ring. The pressure ring is then pushed out against the clutch plates thereby squeezing them together This causes the wheels to gradually lock together, depending on the power applied, hence prevents differential action This effect limits the wheel spin during hard cornering and applies power to the wheels evenly when more power is applied to the wheels.
and you can see here the difference between "Open Differential" & "Limited Slip Differential" where Open on the left and Limited Slip on the right.
Great post, I concur completely and appreciate the time you took to write it. Cheers! Splined Shaft Manufacturer
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